You'll have to set that in a dynamic file provider.
https://docs.traefik.io/https/tls/#tls-options
Here is an example setting the default TLS option and a TLS1.3 only option set that you can reference with the traefik.routers.foo.tls.options=modern-2020
tls:
options:
default:
minVersion: VersionTLS12
cipherSuites:
- TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
- TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
- TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305
- TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305
modern-2020:
minVersion: VersionTLS13